• recommended reading Cancer stem cells CSCs may have been

  2023-04-12

  

  Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may have been first identified in teratocarcinomas [11], [12], with its initial clues date back to the 19th century [13]. Kleinsmith and Pierce [12] established the immortal pluripotent teratocarcinoma lines from a single transplanted multi-potent malignant cell, strongly su

• It has been reported that

  2023-04-12

  

  It has been reported that leukotrienes and their receptors, e.g. the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1) may promote s6 kinase injury (Ding et al., 2007) and that increased 5-LOX expression and activity lead to production of brain-toxic molecules (Khan et al., 2010). However, differential eff

• br Acknowledgements DHA was funded by a research grant

  2023-04-12

  

  Acknowledgements DHA was funded by a research grant from Viamet and IMB and DHA were/are consultants for Viamet/Innocrin. DHA also supported by NIH P51-OD011106. Introduction Congenital adrenal hyperplasia resulting from 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase deficiency (17OHD) is a rare autosom

• Various cardiovascular diseases show a high occurrence of au

  2023-04-12

  

  Various cardiovascular diseases show a high occurrence of autophagosomes. Whereas basal autophagy is required for the proper functioning of cardiomyocytes [82], the deletion of Atg5 gene in myocardium shows a high risk of cardiomyopathy [83]. Hamacher et al. observed that an upregulation of Bnip3, a

• Pompe disease is accompanied by the deficiency of the lysoso

  2023-04-12

  

  Pompe disease is accompanied by the deficiency of the lysosomal α-1,4-glucosidase that makes the Ursodiol unable to hydrolyze glycogen to glucose, thereby resulting in the accumulation of glycogen in lysosomes, especially in skeletal muscles and cardiac tissues. This accumulation results in the str

• These results show that quercetin can restore the enzyme

  2023-04-12

  

  These results show that quercetin can restore the enzyme activity of the cholinergic system nonneural induced by demyelination. The AChE activity has been used as an indicator of human cell aging with lowered levels commonly associated with older human red blood AZD 3965 [51]. The enzymes AChE and

• Thymoquinone TQ is the major active compound derived from Ni

  2023-04-12

  

  Thymoquinone (TQ) is the major active JNJ-10198409 derived from Nigella sativa (Woo et al., 2012). Recent animal studies support the potential of TQ for the treatment of a variety of inflammatory disorders like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), RA, and osteoarthritis (OA) (Salem, 2005, Badr et al.,

• br APJ expression in metabolic diseases Under physiological

  2023-04-12

  

  APJ expression in metabolic diseases Under physiological conditions, APJ is present in humans as well as in mouse tissues with high metabolic activity such as muscle and adipose tissue but not in the liver. Moreover, the presence and regulation of APJ in established adipocyte or muscle cell lines

• Different antioxidants were described as useful biomarkers i

  2023-04-12

  

  Different antioxidants were described as useful biomarkers in monitoring response to treatment in human and veterinary medicine [33,65,66]. In the same line, Thiol and TAC also proved to be useful biomarkers in monitoring the post-ovariohysterectomy period in queens with pyometra, since antioxidants

• The Nagoya Heart Study enrolled patients with hypertension

  2023-04-12

  

  The Nagoya Heart Study enrolled patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes or impaired Triflurdine receptor tolerance (12). Patients were randomized to valsartan- or amlodipine-based regimens with a BP target of ≤130/80 mmHg. The primary outcome was a composite of sudden cardiac death, myocardi

• It has been reported that trehalose shows beneficial

  2023-04-12

  

  It has been reported that trehalose shows beneficial effects in a mouse model of several neurodegenerative diseases [21], [22], [23]. There are also reports showing that trehalose can improve the impaired cognitive and learning ability and reduced Aβ deposit in hippocampus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice

• 745 Introduction Induction of long term potentiation LTP the

  2023-04-12

  

  Introduction Induction of long-term potentiation (LTP), the cellular correlate of learning and memory, triggers profound changes in the structure and function of excitatory synapses by increasing dendritic spine size and synaptic strength. Significant progress has been made in understanding the int

• Cells have developed strategies aiming to enhance both the

  2023-04-11

  

  Cells have developed strategies aiming to enhance both the efficiency of proteins with chaperone activity as well as their overall antioxidant capacity to maintain proteostasis under oxidative stress conditions (Miyata et al., 2012). For instance, 2-Cys peroxiredoxin is an abundantly expressed, anti

• Corticosterone induced inhibition of OCT mediated transport

  2023-04-11

  

  Corticosterone-induced inhibition of OCT-mediated transport is rapid and appears to involve direct interaction of the steroid with the transporter at a specific site. Volk et al. (2003) studied OCT2-mediated transport by measuring substrate-induced currents using patch clamp of Xenopus oocytes exoge

• br Rapid nongenomic effects of corticosterone in

  2023-04-11

  

  Rapid nongenomic effects of corticosterone in an amphibian model Studies in the model organism, the roughskin newt, Taricha granulosa, over 30 years ago led to the discovery that stress can rapidly (within minutes) suppress sexual behavior (amplectic clasping) of male T. granulosa, an effect that

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